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We perform an unprecedented high-resolution simulation for the photo voltaic convection zone. Our calculation reproduces the fast equator and close to-floor shear layer (NSSL) of differential rotation and the near-surface poleward meridional flow concurrently. The NSSL is located in a complex layer where the spatial and time scales of thermal convection are considerably small in contrast with the deep convection zone. While there have been a number of attempts to reproduce the NSSL in numerical simulation, the results are still removed from actuality. On this research, we succeed in reproducing an NSSL in our new calculation. 4) the turbulent viscosity and magnetic tension are latitudinally balanced with the Coriolis drive within the NSSL. We emphasize the importance of the magnetic field in the photo voltaic convection zone. ††software: R2D2 Hotta et al. The Sun is rotating differentially with the fast equator and the sluggish pole. Omega within the photo voltaic inside. In the photo voltaic convection zone, we've got two shear layers, i.e., the tachocline round the base of the convection zone and the close to-surface shear layer (NSSL).

The tachocline is thought to be maintained by the interaction between the convection and radiation zones (Spiegel & Zahn, 1992; Gough & McIntyre, 1998; Forgács-Dajka & Petrovay, Wood Ranger Tools 2001; Rempel, 2005; Brun et al., 2011; Matilsky et al., 2022). The NSSL is thought to be maintained by the small-spatial and short time scales of the convection in the layer. T/g, Wood Ranger Power Shears where TT and gg are the temperature and the gravitational acceleration, respectively. 60 and a couple of Mm, respectively. Thus, the time scales of the convection vary from a month to a number of hours in these areas. Consequently, the convection within the NSSL is not significantly affected by the rotation. ′ denote the longitudinal common and the deviation from the average. In addition, Miesch & Hindman (2011) recommend that we need a force to steadiness with the latitudinal Coriolis force to take care of the NSSL. It's tough for numerical simulations to cover a broad vary of spatial and time scales. The numerical method for the NSSL is extremely restricted.

Guerrero et al. (2013) improve the superadiabaticity around the highest boundary of their calculation box and talk about the formation mechanism of the NSSL following Foukal & Jokipii (1975). Hotta et al. NSSL-like function, especially at low and high latitudes. We argue there that the NSSL is maintained by the radially inward angular momentum transport and the turbulent viscosity on the sheared meridional movement. Hotta et al. (2015) fail to reproduce the NSSL in mid-latitude. Matilsky et al. (2019) perform a similar calculation to Hotta et al. 2015) and reproduce the NSSL-like function at excessive and outdoor branch trimmer low latitudes. The authors additionally fail to reproduce the NSSL in the mid-latitude. They conclude that the detailed construction mechanism of the meridional circulation must be understood to reproduce the proper NSSL. In their study, extremely rotationally constrained convection known as the Busse column, is required to reproduce the solar-like fast equator differential rotation. Hotta et al. (2015) lowered the photo voltaic luminosity and Matilsky et al.

2019) increased the rotation rate so as to boost the rotational influence on the thermal convection. We observe that the decrease in luminosity and Wood Ranger Power Shears the rise in rotation rate have the same impact on the Rossby quantity. Matilsky et al. (2019) argue that when the rotationally constrained Busse column exists in the deep layer, upflows are rotationally constrained even within the close to-floor high Rossby number layer. The efficient technology of the near-floor circulation via the gyroscopic pumping effectively suppresses the construction of the NSSL. When the previous calculation (Hotta et al., 2015; Matilsky et al., 2019) was carried out, we didn't have any approach to maintain the solar-like DR with out using the lowered luminosity, Wood Ranger Power Shears bigger rotation rates or enhanced diffusivities (solar convective conundrum). That's, the standard "high-resolution" simulations fall into anti-photo voltaic differential rotation. O’Mara et al., 2016; Hotta et al., 2023). Hotta & Kusano (2021)(hereafter HK21) and Hotta et al. 2022)(hereafter HKS22) lately present a doable answer to construct the solar-like differential rotation without using particular treatment proven above.